@kajga 

Thank you for sharing the steps you've tried in troubleshooting,

You could also try to change to a different 2.4Ghz channel and change channel width to 20Mhz, this will sacrifice some speed but reduce the wireless inference. 

You could use wifi analyzer app to scan nearby channels and select a less crowded 2.4G channel.

[Troubleshooting ] How to Fix High Ping when Using Wireless Adapter

May I know the model of your router, is it a Mesh system? If so, you could try to disable Mesh option

May I know do you experience high ping in certain network activities like gaming, P2P downloading, etc., may I have a photo showing the high ping? 

I shared you a different driver via private message, you could also give that a try. 

When did you purchase the adapter, how long the adapter has been working fine with the same router before? 

Hello   @kajga 

Thank you for the test.

To isolate if the issue is with Wi-Fi network itself or the adapter, you may check on a different laptop or network device got high ping when play the game

Btw, is any particular game or same high ping occurs on different games. 

If this occurs only on laptop with TP-link adapter, you could reach retailer to check device warranty for it.